This lesson focuses on the analysis of aluminum-based metals, with a special emphasis on Italian coins. Aluminum, the lightest metal commonly used in artifacts, often appears as a pure material but contains trace elements that influence its properties. We will explore how these trace elements, either introduced intentionally or as impurities, impact the alloy’s characteristics.
Objectives:
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Identify key trace elements commonly found in aluminum-based coins.
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Understand the role of trace elements in enhancing the mechanical properties of aluminum.
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Interpret XRF spectra to detect and distinguish between trace elements in aluminum coins.
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Compare elemental composition between different coins and discuss potential sources of variation (e.g., mineral origin, recycling).
Materials:
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Italian 10 lire (1958) and 5 lire (1982) coins
Lesson Plan:
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Introduction to aluminum in artifact analysis and its relevance in numismatics
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Examination of the 10 lire coin: aluminum core and trace elements (Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Zr, Pb)
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Discussion of material origins, including bauxite-derived elements
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Analysis of the 5 lire coin and the role of recycling in introducing bismuth
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Comparison of XRF spectra with different filter setups to highlight elemental peaks
