XRF Spectrometer
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is a non-destructive analytical technique widely used in the scientific examination of artworks and cultural heritage objects. By irradiating a material with primary X-rays, the instrument induces the emission of characteristic secondary (fluorescent) X-rays from the elements present. Each element produces a unique energy signature, allowing precise qualitative and quantitative elemental identification. In art analysis, XRF is especially valuable for studying pigments, metal alloys, ceramics, glass, and archaeological materials. Because it is portable and requires no sampling in many cases, XRF supports in situ investigations, authentication studies, and conservation decisions while preserving the integrity of the object.
Table of Contents
Equipment
Amptek (custom-made set-up)
The spectrometer is composed of a MINI-X2 Miniature X-Ray Tube (Rhodium Target) with High Voltage Power Supply, and USB Controller (4W, 50KV). X-rays are collected with a X-123 SDD X-Ray Spectrometer (Si Drift 25 mm2 x 500µm / 0.5 mil Be window / 1.5″ Detector Extension / 2-Stage Cooler / Internal Multilayer Collimator).
XRF Spectroscopy Pigments-Checker Database (93935 downloads )
Free Course: XRF Spectroscopy for Art Examination
The course XRF Spectroscopy for Art Examination introduces conservators, art historians, and scientists with interest in Art to the principles and practical applications of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy in the examination of artworks. The course starts with basic principles of XRF and gradually explores its role in identifying materials and methods used in the creation and conservation of art.
Course Objectives
- Understand the fundamentals of XRF spectroscopy and how it applies to the analysis of art.
- Learn the key features and limitations of XRF for examining art and archaeology.
- Gain skills in interpreting XRF spectra to identify specific elements in paint layers, inks and metals.
Scientific Art Examination – Resources:
Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) – USA
The British Museum – Scientific Research Department – UK
Scientific Research Department – The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA
C2RMF (Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France) – France
Rijksmuseum – Science Department – Netherlands
