vermilion natural

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vermilion (natural)

The pigment was first mineral (cinnabar) and then it was produced artificially from the 8th century (vermilion).

Manufacturer / product code: Kremer / 10610
Chemical description: natural mercuric sulfide from Tuscany, Italy.
Color: red
Color Index: PR106
More info: Pigments Through The Ages Colourlex

Natural vermilion is a vivid red pigment derived from cinnabar, the naturally occurring mineral form of mercury sulfide (HgS). Valued since antiquity for its intense color and high opacity, it was used across a wide range of cultures, from ancient China and the Roman world to medieval and early modern Europe. Major historical sources of cinnabar included the mines of Almadén in Spain, Monte Amiata in Italy, and deposits in Central Asia and China, making the pigment both a valuable commodity and a marker of trade networks. In painting, natural vermilion was prized for its strong covering power and luminous red hue, suitable for highlights, garments, inscriptions, and symbolic elements. Its application extended beyond art into cosmetics, ritual objects, and medicine, reflecting its cultural importance despite its toxicity. From a materials perspective, natural vermilion can be distinguished from its artificial counterpart by particle size, impurities, and crystal morphology. However, like synthetic vermilion, it is chemically sensitive and may darken or alter under light exposure and adverse environmental conditions.

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